Hi, Referring to the simplified lookup ( http://cal10n.qos.ch/manual.html#simplifiedLookup), I think this has been simplified too far. Firstly, I think your simplification by removing the default properties file is justified because it makes it easier to test the robustness of the application, which is a Good Thing. The decision may be controversial because it means that translations have to be done to completion or not at all; partially complete translations will fail. But it is consistent with Cal10n's stated objective of supporting verifiably self-consistent resource bundles. However, there is another issue that I am unhappy about. Java's Locale allows language, country and region to be specified. You have removed the region (or not documented it). Although the region is not often used, I think it is necessary and should be supported. Rick -- Big Bee Consultants Limited : Registered in England & Wales No. 6397941 Registered Office: 71 The Hundred, Romsey, Hampshire, SO51 8BZ